This course builds upon fundamental pharmacokinetic concepts taught in the first and second years in order to understand, describe and predict the sources of intra- and inter-individual variability in drug disposition and response in different patient population groups. The course is designed for students to understand the underlying basic principles used to individualize drug and dosage regimens for patients based on genetic, physiological and environmental factors. Critical evaluation of evidence and review of current guidelines for dose or drug adjustments based on genetic factors and the potential for drugdiet, drug-drug or drug-disease interactions will be covered. Recent advances in pharmacogenomics and targeted drug therapy will also be covered. The format of the course to address these issues will be student presentations and in-class discussion of specific questions that are designed to illustrate these points.